The pathophysiological mechanisms of CIPN are complex, involving multiple interconnected processes including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neurotrophic factor depletion, and mitochondrial dysfunction
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Encouragingly, some recent studies have taken one step forward
ERG responses identified increased photoreceptor and ON-bipolar cell responses, but reduced OFF-bipolar cell responses, which were correlated with BPA-induced changes in voltage-gated K + and Ca +2 currents recorded from retinal bipolar cells
Psychological stress and related disorders (PSRD) negatively impact the outcomes of periodontal treatment outcomes (Mauland and Neupane, 2025), resulting in inadequate improvement in clinical attachment loss (CAL) and periodontal pocket depth (PDD)
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